Unix is a computer operating system. An operating system is the software that provides the interface between the hardware of a computer system and the applications programs that are used on it. Simply put, the operating system provides the link between the hardware of the computer and the user. Popular operating systems include DOS (used on PCs) and VM/CMS (used on mainframes, now becoming rare). Unix is available on a wide variety of computer systems, including personal computers, workstations, mainframes and supercomputers. It was developed for, and is particularly well-suited to, multi-user systems, but is now also run on 'stand-alone' machines.
Unix was first developed in the early 1970s at Bell Laboratories in the USA. It was originally developed as a system to be used by the staff in the laboratories, and it was principally intended to provide an operating system that people would enjoy using. It was designed for users who were largely computer scientists, which may explain some of the more arcane and apparently unfriendly features of Unix, such as the obscure sounding command names. AT&T (the owners of Bell Laboratories) made Unix available at nominal cost to academic users, with whom it became popular. This helped to create a market for Unix, at a time when technological changes had themselves created a need for a portable multi-user operating system. As a result Unix began to be adopted by non-academic users in the 1980's as it became commercially available. Several standards are now being worked out, and Unix is steadily becoming the standard operating system in many environments.
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Some Common Commands
- ls View a list of all files and folders in the current directory
- cd Change to a different directory
- pwd Display the path of your current directory
- cp Copy files
- cp -R Copying directories
- mv Move files and change filenames
- rm Removing files
- rmdir Removing directories
- mkdir Create new directories
- chmod Changing permissions on files
- man The manual pages
- quota -v View quota
- kill -9 pid Killing processes
- grep Search for patterns or words in files
- clear Clear the terminal
- diff Show the differences between two textfiles
- find Search for files
Following are the link for Unix Commands
- Basic Unix Commands
- Unix Commands - List
- Unix Commands - Categories
- Unix Commands
- Unix Concept & Commands
- Unix Commands with examples
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